Evolutionary perspectives in computer music

This paper presents a brief overview of music evolution - western and non-western music - from its genesis to serialism and the Darmstadt school. Some mathematical aspects of music are then presented and confronted with music as a form of art. Some questions follow: are these two (very) distinct aspects compatible? Can computers be of real help in automatic composition? Evolutionaty Algorithms (EAs) - Genetic Algorithms (GAs), Genetic Programming (GP), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) - are then introduced and some results of GAs and GPs application to music generation are analysed. Variable fitness functions and PSO application seems a promising way to explore. However, what output should be envisaged? Should we expect that computer music sounds as human music, or should we look for a totally different way to explore and listen? How far can go computer creativity and in what direction?N/

Using plantar pressures for improving arch support for shoe customization

The footwear industry is evolving from a laborintensive work to a knowledge-based manufacturing process, developing customized and personalized products in order to meet the customer needs [1]. Pathologies like high arch and flat foot are widely studied and some orthoses have shown positive results in treatment [1, 4]. The objective of this work was to customize the design of a comfort shoe (Arcopédico), so it could be adapted to three major foot types (pes cavus, planus and normal).N/

Plasmodium parasitophorous vacuole membrane-resident protein UIS4 manipulates host cell actin to avoid parasite elimination

© 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Parasite-derived PVM-resident proteins are critical for complete parasite development inside hepatocytes, although the function of most of these proteins remains unknown. Here, we show that the upregulated in infectious sporozoites 4 (UIS4) protein, resident at the PVM, interacts with the host cell actin. By suppressing filamentous actin formation, UIS4 avoids parasite elimination. Host cell actin dynamics increases around UIS4-deficient parasites, which is associated with subsequent parasite elimination. Notably, parasite elimination is impaired significantly by the inhibition of host myosin-II, possibly through relieving the compression generated by actomyosin complexes at the host-parasite interface. Together, these data reveal that UIS4 has a critical role in the evasion of host defensive mechanisms, enabling hence EEF survival and development.This work was supported by grants from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (DRIVER-LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-030751) and “la Caixa” Foundation (under the agreement HR17/52150010) to M.M.M. and Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation short project to V.M’B. and M.M.M.. V.M’B., A.L., and S.M. were sponsored by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/113750/2015, PD/BD/114036/2015 and DL57/2016/CP1451/CT0010 respectively).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Computational intelligence techniques in engineering

This article shows how CI techniques overpass the strict limits of Artificial Intelligence (AI) field and can help solving real problems from distinct engineering areas: Mechanical, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering. An introduction to each of the CI main areas is made and three systems are briefly described. The results are, in each case, very promisingN/

A Review on Humanized Computational Intelligence

Computational Intelligence (CI) has three main foundations: Neural Networks, Evolutionary Computation (EC) and Fuzzy Systems (FS). Collaborating systems based on these models have been built and installed in prototypes and successful consumer products. However, creativity still is a main human task, in great part due to the presence of subjective values and psychological / emotional responses in the evaluation of the created objects. In this context the Interactive Evolutionary Computation (IEC), a paradigm in which humans directly intervene in fitness evaluation, is a new direction for CI research. Art, education and engineering are some examples of IEC application domains.N/

Music and evolutionary computation

This paper presents a brief history of the western music: from its genesis to serialism and the Darmstadt school. Also some mathematical aspects of music are then presented and confronted with music as a form of art. The question is, are these two distinct aspects compatible? Can computers be of real help in automatic composition? The more appealing algorithmic approach is evolutionary computation as it offers creativity potential. Therefore, the Evolutionary Algorithms are then introduced and some results of GAs and GPs application to music generation are analysed

Interactive Evolutionary Computation in Music

This paper presents a simple approach for implementing Interactive Evolutionary Computation (IEC) - a paradigm in which humans directly intervene in fitness evaluation - in the field of musical melody generation. Music is an art and, as all kinds of art, it involves creativity. However, creativity is still a human capability. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) based application has been developed and tested. The initial population was generated according to Zipf’s Law. Simple melodies, obtained in a few iterations, can be quickly transformed into complete and interesting songs.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Application of computational intelligence to engineering

Computational Intelligence (CI) includes four main areas: Evolutionary Computation (genetic algorithms and genetic programming), Swarm Intelligence, Fuzzy Systems and Neural Networks. This article shows how CI techniques overpass the strict limits of Artificial Intelligence field and can help solving real problems from distinct engineering areas: Mechanical, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering